Efficient solar heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole using heterojunction semiconductors hybrid nanocomposite, layered double hydroxides

Abstract

This study focuses on the synthesis of various nanocomposites with heterojunction structures, MgAl-LDH (LDH ¼ layered double hydroxides) hybrid with semiconductor such as MoO3 and CuO. These solids were synthesized by co-precipitation method at constant pH and have been characterized extensively using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (TEMEDX) methods. The catalytic activity of nanocomposites was tested in the photocatalytic degradation under solar irradiation of emerging pollutants as the pharmaceutical metronidazole (MNZ). The experimental parameters, including initial MNZ concentration, the nature of oxide incorporate in the photocatalyst, catalyst loading were explored. All the synthesized samples showed high photocatalytic performances; the highest photocatalysis efficiency was achieved with the photocatalyst dose 1.5 g/L and initial MNZ concentration of 10 mg/L at neutral pH. The photocatalytic experimental results were fitted very well to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. From the obtained results the calcined LDH/semiconductors could be efficient for the photocatalytic process under solar irradiation of pharmaceuticals and may contribute in environmental remediation.